OEHHA Air - "Hot Spots" Program Risk Assessment Guidelines Part IV Exposure Assessment and Stochastic Analysis

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"Hot Spots" Program Risk Assessment Guidelines Part IV Exposure Assessment and Stochastic Analysis

Air Toxicology and Epidemiology

Notice to Interested Parties Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Program Risk Assessment Guidelines Part IV Exposure Assessment and Stochastic Analysis Technical Support Document
[10/27/00]

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The Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) is the releasing the final document, Air Toxics Hot Spots Program Risk Assessment Guidelines Part IV: Exposure Assessment and Stochastic Analysis Technical Support Document . This document is the fourth in a series of five Risk Assessment Guidelines that are being developed by OEHHA for use in implementing the Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Program mandated by the Air Toxics Hot Spots Information and Assessment Act of 1987, as amended. An External Advisory Group composed of scientists from industry, academia, environmental groups, Federal and State agencies met fourteen times to provide scientific input. The original draft document was released in December 1996 for a 90-day public comment period, followed by two public workshops, a second review draft was released on March 10, 2000.

Please direct any inquiries concerning technical matters or availability of the document to:

Dr. Robert Blaisdell at (510) 622-3150.

Information about dates and agenda for meetings of the Scientific Review Panel can be obtained from the ARB web page at http://www.arb.ca.gov/srp/srp.htm.

The document is available for download in one 4.3 Mb file or in several sections. Click a link below to download.

Download the entire document (excluding appendices)

Download Appendices A-K

Download the memo detailing the adoption of this technical support document.

Download individual Sections

Table of Contents

Executive Summary

Section 1: Introduction

1.1 Multipathway Nature of Exposure Assessment
1.2 The Point Estimate Approach
1.3 The Stochastic Approach ("Likelihood of Risks" Approach)
1.4 Tiered Approach to Risk Assessment
1.5 Exposure Assessment Pathways
1.6 References

Section 2: Air Dispersion Modeling

2.1 Air Dispersion Modeling in Risk Assessment: Overview
2.3 Source Characterization
2.3.2 Classification According to Quantity of Sources
2.4 Terrain Characterization
2.5 Level of Detail: Screening vs. Refined Analysis
2.6 Population Exposure
2.7 Receptor Siting
2.8 Meteorological Data
2.9 Model Selection
2.10 Screening Air Dispersion Models
2.11 Refined Air Dispersion Models
2.12 Modeling Special Cases
2.13 Specialized Models
2.14 Interaction with the District
2.15 Report Preparation
2.16 References

Section 3: Daily Breathing Rates

3.1 Introduction
3.2 Methods for Estimating Daily Breathing Rates
3.3 Available Data on Breathing Rates
3.4 Ranges of Ventilation Rates
3.5 Use of Activity Patterns and Ventilation Rate Data to Develop Breathing Rate Distribution
.5.1 CARB Sponsored Activity Pattern Studies
3.6 Recommendations
3.7 References

Section 4: Soil Ingestion Rates

4.1 Introduction
4.2 Current CAPCOA Algorithm for Dose from Soil Ingestion
4.3 Proposed Algorithm for Dose via Soil Ingestion
4.4 Soil Ingestion Studies
4.5 Studies in Adults - Calabrese et al. (1990)
4.6 Distributions of Soil Ingestion Estimates
4.7 Recommendations
4.8 References

Section 5: Breast Milk Consumption Rate

5.1 Introduction
5.2 Breast Milk Consumption Among Breast-feeding Infants
5.3 Breast Milk Consumption in the General Population
5.4 Lipid Concentration and Distribution of Lipid Intake
5.5 Concluding Remarks
5.6 Recommendations
5.7 References

Section 6: Dermal Exposure Assessment

6.1 Introduction
6.2 Factors Providing Significant Variation in Dermal Uptake
6.3. Exposure Factors and Studies Evaluated
6.4 Dermal Uptake Estimation Equations
6.5 Recommendations
6.6 References

Section 7: Food Intake

7.1 Introduction
7.2 Algorithm for Food Intake Dose
7.3 Methods and Studies Available for Estimation of Per Capita Consumption
7.4 Categorization of Produce
7.5 Produce, Meat, Dairy and Egg Consumption Distributions
7.6 Calculating Contaminant Concentrations in Food
7.7 Default Values for Calculation of Food Contaminant
7.8 Summary
7.9. Recommendations
7.10 References

Section 8: Water Intake

8.1 Introduction
8.2 Empirical Distributions
8.3 Modeled Distributions
8.4 Recommendations
8.5 References

Section 9: Fish Consumption

9.1 Introduction
9.2 Algorithm for Dose via Fish Ingestion
9.3 Studies Evaluated for Noncommercial Fish Consumption Parameter
9.4 Determination of Fish Consumption Distribution
9.5 Statistical Treatment
9.6 Recommendations

Section 10: Body Weight

10.1 Introduction
10.2 Empirical Distributions
10.3 Modeled Distributions
10.4 Recommendations
10.5 References

Section 11: Exposure Duration

11.1 Introduction
11.2 Dose Algorithm and Duration of Exposure
11.3 Available Studies for Evaluating Residency Time
11.4 Discussion
11.5 Recommendations
11.6 References

Appendix A:

List of Substances

Appendix B:

Health and Safety Code Related to Hot Spots Program

Appendix C: (text only)

Produce, Meat, Dairy and Egg Consumption Empirical Distributions (Gm/day)
Comparison of Produce, Meat, Dairy and Egg Empirical Consumption Distributions (Gm/Kg BW/Day) with Parametric Models

Appendix D: